Charcot Foot Care for Diabetic Patients

What You Need To Know

Understanding Charcot foot, its symptoms, and why early diagnosis matters.

Understanding Charcot Foot

Charcot foot is a rare but serious complication that impacts the bones, joints, and soft tissues of the foot and ankle. It typically results from nerve damage in the feet due to diabetes or nerve injuries. The bones become weak and can break, and the joints in the foot or ankle can dislocate. If not caught in the early stages, the joints can collapse, and the foot eventually becomes deformed. This can cause pressure sores to develop, which can eventually lead to infection and amputation.

When the midfoot is impacted, the arch collapses and the bottom of the foot rounds. This is called a rocker-bottom foot deformity. Depending on the location of the fracture, the toes can also begin to curve, or the ankle can become deformed and unstable.

Knowing the signs of Charcot foot is essential for early treatment. Symptoms include a red appearance of the foot or ankle, swelling, increased warmth compared to the other foot, a foot that feels warm to the touch, and soreness. Oftentimes, Charcot foot is not associated with any pain, so it is imperative that you stay on top of your foot health.

Your board-certified podiatrist will examine your foot, ask about your symptoms, and may take the temperature of your feet. X-rays and other imaging may be used to diagnose your condition, and a bone biopsy may be ordered to check for infection. If you notice any symptoms, contact our office immediately so we can evaluate you and begin treatment.

Treatment and Prevention of Charcot Foot

Decreasing pressure to your feet is one of the most important ways to heal Charcot foot. This protects the weakened bones from further damage. Your doctor may have you wear a cast, boot, or brace, and you may need a knee scooter or crutches. Non-surgical treatment includes immobilization, custom orthotics, and activity reduction or modification. Custom orthotics and bracing can help the bones heal and prevent recurrence.

If Charcot foot has caused a severe deformity or if an infection has spread, surgery may be necessary. A board-certified surgeon will repair the damage and stabilize your foot. Your physician may consider limb salvage surgery to prevent amputation. Dr. Glazer is an expert in the field of limb salvage. He frequently performs the procedure, is a surgeon trainer, and lectures frequently on the topic.

The best prevention method is to have regular check-ups with your board-certified podiatrist and to examine your feet regularly. Other helpful tips include managing your blood sugar levels to slow potential nerve damage, wearing shoes and socks even when you are indoors, getting fit for custom orthotics, stopping any activity causing foot or ankle pain, and maintaining blood flow by wiggling your toes and elevating your feet.

If Charcot foot is not caught early, the joints or arch can collapse, permanently affecting your ability to use your foot. With early diagnosis and a consistent treatment plan, most patients can avoid these outcomes and protect long-term mobility. Contact our office today to schedule an evaluation.